Prevention and treatment
Most Q fever infections result from inhalation of infectious aerosol particles from ruminants that have just given birth or have been slaughtered. Environmental contamination related to these events lasts for months and possibly years, so the inhalation of dust is also important. Cattle, sheep and goats are the main sources of human infections. In Australia the association with abattoirs has been emphasised. Non-immune new employees or visitors to animal-related industries are at highest-risk. Occupational exposure to animal products, particularly hides and wool, is also a risk. The microorganism is highly resistant to heat, drying and sunlight.
A whole cell vaccine (Q-Vax-CSL) has been licensed in Australia since 1989. Pre-vaccination screening is essential, and includes skin test and serology. The vaccine is only given if there is no history of Q fever disease or vaccination, and the blood test and skin test are both negative to avoid adverse reactions in those found to be Q fever positive.
Q fever is treated with prescription antibiotics.
On This Site